:root {
    --primary-color: #282D7D;
    --secondary-color: #643A71;
    --accent-color: #8B5FBF;
    --text-color: #000000;
    --light-gray: #E1EBEE;
    --white: #ffffff;
    --transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html,
body {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    font-family: 'Quicksand', sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: black;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    /* Prevent horizontal scroll */
}

/* ... existing code ... */

/* Section Styles */
section {
    padding: 60px 0;
    /* Reduced from 100px */
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

section.hero {
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    /* Reset padding for hero */
}

/* Global Center Alignment for All Sections */
.section-title,
.section-subtitle,
section h2,
section h3,
section .description,
section p.description {
    text-align: center !important;
}

.container {
    text-align: left;
}

/* Keep contact info header centered */
.contact-info h3 {
    text-align: center !important;
}




/* ... existing code ... */

.service-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    text-align: center !important;
    /* Force center */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    /* Center flex items */
    transition: var(--transition);
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.service-card h3,
.service-card p {
    text-align: center !important;
    width: 100%;
}


.service-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.service-card i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Contact Section - Simple Horizontal Layout */
.contact-section {
    background: transparent;
    color: #333;
    padding: 100px 0;
}

.contact-section .section-title {
    text-align: center !important;
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.contact-grid {
    display: block;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

.contact-info {
    background: transparent;
    padding: 0;
}

.contact-info h3 {
    display: none;
}

.info-items {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    justify-content: space-around;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 3rem;
    padding: 0;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.info-item {
    display: flex !important;
    flex-direction: column !important;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    /* Add horizontal padding */
    background: transparent !important;
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 350px;
    border-right: 2px solid #bbb;
    /* Visible vertical divider */
}

/* Remove border from the last item */
.info-item:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}

.info-item::after {
    display: none;
}

.info-item:hover {
    transform: none;
}

.info-item .contact-icon {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.info-item:hover .contact-icon {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.info-item .contact-icon i {
    color: white;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
}

.info-item .contact-text {
    width: 100%;
}

.info-item .contact-text h4 {
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: block;
    opacity: 1;
}

.info-item .contact-text p {
    color: #666;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    margin: 0.4rem 0;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

/* Responsive Contact */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .contact-section {
        padding: 50px 0;
    }

    .contact-section .section-title {
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .info-items {
        flex-direction: column !important;
        gap: 2rem;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .info-item {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: none;
        padding: 1.5rem 0;
        border-right: none !important;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    }

    .info-item:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
        padding-bottom: 0;
    }
}


/* Contact Form */
.contact-form {
    background: white;
    padding: 3rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    height: 100%;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.form-group:last-of-type {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
    border: 2px solid rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.02);
    color: var(--text-color);
    font-family: 'Quicksand', sans-serif;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.form-group textarea {
    min-height: 120px;
    max-height: 200px;
    resize: vertical;
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    background: white;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.1);
}

.contact-form .btn {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 1.2rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

/* Footer */
.main-footer {
    background: #282D7D;
    /* Fallback */
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #282D7D, #643A71);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 4rem 0 2rem;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.footer-logo {
    height: auto;
    max-width: 295px;
    width: 100%;
    filter: brightness(0) invert(1);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    margin-left: 0;
    margin-right: 0;
    display: inline-block;
}

.footer-links ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-links a {
    color: var(--white);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

/* Footer Social Icons Fix */
.footer-social {
    text-align: left;
    /* Align with other footer content */
}

.footer-social h4 {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.social-icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    /* Align icons to the left */
}

.social-icons a {
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.social-icons a:hover {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

/* Responsive Footer */
@media (max-width: 992px) {

    .footer-social,
    .social-icons {
        text-align: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .footer-social h4 {
        margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    }
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

/* Responsive Styles */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
        padding-top: 100px;
    }

    .hero-content {
        padding-right: 0;
        margin-bottom: 3rem;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .contact-section::before {
        width: 200px;
        height: 200px;
    }

    .contact-info,
    .contact-form {
        height: auto;
        padding: 2.5rem;
    }

    .form-group textarea {
        min-height: 150px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

    /* Main Header */
    .main-header {
        height: 70px;
        /* Reduce height for mobile */
        display: flex;
        /* Ensure flex display */
        align-items: center;
        /* Center items vertically */
        padding: 0 10px;
        /* Add some padding */
    }

    /* Mobile Menu Button */
    .mobile-menu-btn {
        display: block;
        /* Show mobile menu button */
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        cursor: pointer;
        margin-left: auto;
        /* Align to the right */
    }

    /* Navigation Links */
    .nav-links {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* Stack links vertically */
        display: none;
        /* Hide by default */
        position: absolute;
        /* Positioning for dropdown */
        top: 70px;
        /* Position below the header */
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
        /* Background for dropdown */
        box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        /* Shadow for dropdown */
        padding: 1rem;
        /* Padding for dropdown */
    }

    /* Show nav links when active */
    .nav-links.active {
        display: flex;
        /* Show links */
    }

    /* Adjust logo size */
    .logo img {
        max-width: 150px;
        /* Smaller logo for mobile */
    }

    /* Adjust hero section */
    .hero {
        padding: 0 2%;
        /* Reduce padding on smaller screens */
        text-align: center;
        /* Center text */
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
        /* Smaller title for mobile */
    }

    .hero-caption {
        font-size: 1rem;
        /* Smaller caption */
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* Stack buttons vertically */
        margin-top: 20px;
        /* Adjust margin */
    }

    .hero-buttons .btn {
        width: 100%;
        /* Full width buttons */
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        /* Space between buttons */
    }

    .hero-image {
        height: auto;
        /* Allow image to scale */
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
        /* Smaller title for very small screens */
    }

    .hero-caption {
        font-size: 1rem;
        /* Smaller caption */
    }


}

/* Updated Logo Styles */
.logo {
    height: 55px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 5px 0;
}

/* Update logo for light version */
.logo img {
    height: 100%;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 295px;
    object-fit: contain;
}

/* Focus Areas Section */
.focus-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f0f2ff 100%);
}

.focus-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

.focus-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    text-align: left;
    /* Changed to left */
    transition: var(--transition);
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

.focus-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.focus-card i {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.focus-card h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

/* Global Hubs Section */
.hubs-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

.hub-card {
    background: var(--white);
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: var(--transition);
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

.hub-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.hub-image {
    height: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hub-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.hub-card:hover .hub-image img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.hub-content {
    padding-bottom: 46px;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    padding-right: 1.5rem;
    text-align: left;
    /* Changed to left */
}

.hub-content h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-color);
}

.hub-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #000000;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {

    .focus-grid,
    .hubs-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .hub-image {
        height: 180px;
    }
}



.content-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
    margin: 3rem 0;
}

.content-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

.content-text p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.content-image {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 2rem;
}

.content-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-width: 600px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.1);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.content-image img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

.cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

/* Section spacing adjustments */
section:not(.hero) {
    padding: 80px 0;
}

/* Exclude the mission section from the nth-child rule */
section:nth-child(even):not(.mission-section) {
    background: var(--light-gray);
}

/* Sphere Animation */
.sphere-animation {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    right: -400px;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 1800px;
    height: 1800px;
    opacity: 0.7;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 0;
    mix-blend-mode: multiply;
}

.sphere-animation svg {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

.sphere {
    transform-origin: center;
}

.dots circle {
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

/* Enhanced Gradient Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 14px 36px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-align: center;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    z-index: 1;
}

.btn-primary {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--secondary-color), var(--primary-color));
    z-index: -1;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    opacity: 0;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.4);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover::before {
    opacity: 1;
}

.btn-outline {
    background: white;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding: 12px 34px;
    /* Adjust for border width */
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.2);
}

.btn-secondary {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    color: white;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: white;
}


@media (max-width: 1800px) {
    .sphere-animation {
        width: 1500px;
        height: 1500px;
        right: -500px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1400px) {
    .sphere-animation {
        width: 1200px;
        height: 1200px;
        right: -400px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .sphere-animation {
        width: 1000px;
        height: 1000px;
        right: -350px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .sphere-animation {
        width: 800px;
        height: 800px;
        right: -300px;
        opacity: 0.4;
    }
}

/* Who We Are Section */
.who-we-are-section {
    background: #B9D9EB;
    padding: 80px 0;
    color: #333;
}

.who-we-are-section .section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    /* Larger title */
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    /* Space below title */
    color: #282D7D;
    /* Primary color for title */
}

.who-we-are-section .section-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    /* Larger subtitle */
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    /* Space below subtitle */
    color: #643A71;
    /* Secondary color for subtitle */
}

.content-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    /* Standard text size */
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    /* Space below text */
}

.who-we-are-icons {
    display: flex;
    /* Flexbox for icon layout */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Center icons */
    gap: 2rem;
    /* Space between icons */
    margin-top: 2rem;
    /* Space above icons */
}

.icon-item {
    background: white;
    /* White background for icon items */
    border-radius: 10px;
    /* Rounded corners */
    padding: 20px;
    /* Padding for spacing */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Shadow for depth */
    transition: transform 0.3s;
    /* Transition for hover effect */
}

.icon-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    /* Lift effect on hover */
}

.icon-item i {
    font-size: 3rem;
    /* Larger icon size */
    color: #282D7D;
    /* Primary color for icons */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    /* Space below icon */
}

.icon-item h4 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    /* Heading size */
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    /* Space below heading */
    color: #282D7D;
    /* Primary color for headings */
}

.icon-item p {
    font-size: 1rem;
    /* Standard text size */
    color: #000000;
    /* Grey color for description */
}

/* Mission Section Styles */
.mission-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #282D7D, #643A71);
    /* Gradient background */
    color: white;
    /* White text for contrast */
    padding: 80px 0;
    /* Increased padding for more space */
    text-align: center;
    /* Center text */
}

.mission-section .section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    /* Larger title */
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    /* Space below title */
}

.mission-content h3 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    /* Heading size */
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    /* Space below heading */
}

.mission-content p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    /* Standard text size */
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    /* Space below text */
    line-height: 1.6;
    /* Improved line height for readability */
}

.mission-buttons {
    display: flex;
    /* Flexbox for button layout */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Center buttons */
    gap: 1rem;
    /* Space between buttons */
    margin-top: 20px;
    /* Space above buttons */
}

.mission-buttons .btn {
    background: #643A71;
    /* Button background color */
    color: white;
    /* Button text color */
    padding: 10px 20px;
    /* Button padding */
    border-radius: 5px;
    /* Rounded corners */
    transition: background 0.3s;
    /* Transition for hover effect */
}

.mission-buttons .btn:hover {
    background: #8B5FBF;
    /* Change background on hover */
}

.mission-stats {
    display: flex;
    /* Flexbox for stat layout */
    justify-content: space-around;
    /* Space out stats */
    margin-top: 40px;
    /* Space above stats */
}

.stat-item {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    /* Light background for stats */
    border-radius: 10px;
    /* Rounded corners */
    padding: 20px;
    /* Padding for spacing */
    transition: transform 0.3s;
    /* Transition for hover effect */
}

.stat-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    /* Lift effect on hover */
}

.stat-icon {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    /* Icon size */
    color: #60AFFF;
    /* Icon color */
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    /* Space below icon */
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    /* Label size */
    color: white;
    /* Label color */
}

.dotted-globe {
    position: absolute;
    top: -150px;
    right: -150px;
    width: 600px;
    height: 600px;
    opacity: 0.15;
    pointer-events: none;
    z-index: 1;
    animation: rotate 60s linear infinite;
}

.dotted-globe svg circle {
    stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    stroke-width: 2;
}

@keyframes rotate {
    from {
        transform: rotate(0deg);
    }

    to {
        transform: rotate(360deg);
    }
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .mission-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 3rem;
    }

    .mission-text {
        text-align: center;
    }

    .mission-buttons {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .mission-section .section-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .mission-text h3 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }

    .dotted-globe {
        width: 400px;
        height: 400px;
        top: -100px;
        right: -100px;
    }
}

/* Why Global Economy Hub Section */
.why-us-section {
    background: #B9D9EB;
    color: #333;
    padding: 80px 0;
    text-align: left;
    /* Align left to match hero */
}

.why-us-section .section-title,
.why-us-section .section-subtitle,
.why-us-section .content-text {
    color: white;
    text-align: left;
    /* Ensure text is left aligned */
}


.why-us-section .benefit-card {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    color: white;
}

.why-us-section .benefit-card h4 {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.why-us-section .benefit-card p {
    color: white;
}

/* Benefits Grid Styles */
.why-global-economy-hub .benefits-grid {
    display: flex;
    /* Use flexbox for layout */
    justify-content: space-between;
    /* Space out the boxes evenly */
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* Allow wrapping if necessary */
    gap: 2rem;
    /* Space between boxes */
    margin-top: 2rem;
    /* Space above the grid */
}

.why-global-economy-hub .benefit-card {
    flex: 1;
    /* Allow cards to grow equally */
    min-width: 250px;
    /* Set a minimum width for responsiveness */
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    /* Light background for cards */
    border-radius: 10px;
    /* Rounded corners */
    padding: 20px;
    /* Padding for spacing */
    transition: transform 0.3s;
    /* Transition for hover effect */
}

.why-global-economy-hub .benefit-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    /* Lift effect on hover */
}

/* Scroll Indicator Styles */
.scroll-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 40px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    z-index: 10;
    cursor: pointer;
    animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out 1s forwards;
    opacity: 0;
}

.scroll-arrow {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    animation: bounceDown 2s infinite;
}

.scroll-arrow .material-icons {
    font-size: 48px;
    transform: scaleX(1.5);
}

/* Animations */
@keyframes bounceDown {

    0%,
    20%,
    50%,
    80%,
    100% {
        transform: translateY(0);
    }

    40% {
        transform: translateY(-10px);
    }

    60% {
        transform: translateY(-5px);
    }
}

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }

    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Hide on mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .scroll-indicator {
        bottom: 20px;
    }

    .scroll-arrow .material-icons {
        font-size: 36px;
    }
}

/* Add these new animations */
@keyframes gradientFlow {
    0% {
        background-position: 0% 50%;
        opacity: 1;
    }

    50% {
        background-position: 100% 50%;
        opacity: 1;
    }

    100% {
        background-position: 0% 50%;
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

@keyframes lineGrow {
    to {
        height: 100%;
    }
}

/* Update animation classes to only apply during animation */
.animate {
    transition: all 0.6s ease-out;
}

/* Section titles and content */
.section-title,
.section-subtitle,
.content-text {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

/* Cards and grid items */
.service-card,
.focus-card,
.hub-card,
.benefit-card {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

/* Base visibility styles */
.section-title,
.section-subtitle,
.content-text,
.service-card,
.focus-card,
.hub-card,
.benefit-card,
.info-item {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    visibility: visible;
    will-change: transform, opacity;
}

/* Smooth transitions */
.fade-up,
.slide-in-right,
.fade-in {
    transition: transform 0.6s ease-out, opacity 0.6s ease-out;
    will-change: transform, opacity;
}

/* Hero content */
.hero-content>* {
    visibility: visible;
    will-change: transform, opacity;
}

/* Remove any opacity: 0 from individual elements */
.hero-title,
.hero-caption,
.hero-buttons {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
}

/* Update contact section styles */
.contact-section {
    background: #B9D9EB;
    /* Set background to the specified grey color */
    color: #333;
    /* Dark text color for contrast */
    padding: 80px 0;
    /* Increased padding for more space */
}

.contact-info {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

.contact-info .info-item i {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

.contact-info .info-item p {
    color: white;
}

/* Ensure all text content is visible */
.content-text,
.section-title,
.section-subtitle,
p {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

/* Scroll to Top Button Styles */
.scroll-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    display: none;
    /* Hidden by default */
    background-color: #282D7D;
    /* Button color */
    color: white;
    /* Text color */
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    cursor: pointer;
    z-index: 1000;
    /* Ensure it appears above other elements */
    font-size: 18px;
    /* Font size */
    transition: background-color 0.3s;
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
    background-color: #643A71;
    /* Change color on hover */
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .scroll-to-top {
        bottom: 20px;
        right: 20px;
        width: 40px;
        height: 40px;
        font-size: 16px;
    }
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .globe-bg {
        right: -300px;
        transform: translateY(-50%) scale(0.8);
    }

    .mission-stats {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .stat-item {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .globe-bg {
        right: -350px;
        transform: translateY(-50%) scale(0.6);
    }
}

/* Update SVG colors for better visibility */
.dotted-globe svg circle {
    stroke: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
}

/* Update stat items for better contrast */
.stat-item {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.stat-item:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.mission-buttons .btn {
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.mission-buttons .btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

/* Ensure text remains crisp on gradient */
.mission-text p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    text-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Video Section Styles */
.video-section {
    background: #282D7D;
    /* Fallback */
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #282D7D, #643A71);
    padding: 100px 0;
    color: white;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.video-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.95), rgba(100, 58, 113, 0.95));
    pointer-events: none;
}

.video-container {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 3rem auto 0;
    border-radius: 20px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.video-section .section-title,
.video-section .section-subtitle {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    color: white;
}

.video-section .section-subtitle {
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Welcome Section Styles */
.welcome-section {
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 140px !important;
    /* Increased space on top */
    padding-bottom: 120px;
    z-index: 1;
    margin-top: 0;
    background: var(--white);
}

.video-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 56.25%;
    /* 16:9 Aspect Ratio */
    height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.video-wrapper iframe {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
}

/* Video Section Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .video-container {
        margin: 2rem auto 0;
        border-radius: 15px;
    }

    .video-section {
        padding: 60px 0;
    }
}

/* Update buttons for transparent header */
.nav-buttons .btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.nav-buttons .btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

/* Conferences Section Styles - Simplified */
.conferences-section {
    background: #fff;
    color: var(--text-color);
    padding: 100px 0;
    position: relative;
}

.conferences-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.intro-text {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto 4rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #000000;
}

.services-heading {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.services-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    /* Added to prevent overlap with title/subtitle */
}

/* Publications Home Section Styles */
.publications-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    justify-content: center;
}

.publication-card {
    background: var(--white);
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    text-align: center;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.publication-icon {
    width: 80px;
    height: 80px;
    background: rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.08);
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.publication-icon i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.publication-card:hover .publication-icon {
    background: var(--primary-color);
}

.publication-card:hover .publication-icon i {
    color: var(--white);
}

.publication-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.publication-card p {
    color: #555;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    flex-grow: 1;
}


/* Global Button Styles */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 12px 32px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-align: center;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    font-size: 1rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.btn-primary {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    border-color: var(--secondary-color);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.3);
}

.btn-outline {
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.2);
}

.btn-secondary {
    background: var(--white);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: none;
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background: var(--light-gray);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.service-box {
    background: #fff;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.1);
    text-align: center;
}

.service-box:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.1);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.service-icon {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    height: 80px;
    width: 80px;
    line-height: 80px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    background: rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.service-box:hover .service-icon {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    transform: rotateY(360deg);
}

.service-box h4 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.service-box p {
    color: #000000;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

/* Responsive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .services-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .intro-text {
        padding: 0 1rem;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .service-icon {
        font-size: 2.4rem;
        height: 70px;
        width: 70px;
        line-height: 70px;
    }
}

/* Hero Points Styling */
.hero-points {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 15px;
    margin-top: 20px;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    animation: fadeInUp 1s forwards;
    animation-delay: 0.5s;
}

.hero-points .point {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
}

.point-icon {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    /* Filled with primary color */
    border-radius: 50%;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.point-icon i {
    color: var(--white);
    /* Icon color set to white for contrast */
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

/* Bold the connection point text */
.hero-points .point a {
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Remove underline */
    color: #282D7D;
    /* Maintain original color */
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    /* Slightly larger font for emphasis */
    font-weight: bold;
    /* Make text bold */
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.hero-points .point a:hover {
    color: #4B50AF;
    /* Change color on hover for interactivity */
}

/* Hero Buttons Styling */
.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    /* Add space between buttons */
    margin-top: 40px;
    /* Increased top margin for better spacing */
}

.hero-buttons .btn {
    flex: 1;
    /* Ensure buttons take equal space */
}

/* Optional: Adjust button sizes if necessary */
.hero-buttons .btn-primary,
.hero-buttons .btn-outline {
    padding: 0.8rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

/* Fade-in Up Animation */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Optional: Responsive Layout for Hero Points */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .hero-points {
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: space-between;
    }

    .hero-points .point {
        flex: 1;
        text-align: center;
    }
}

/* Custom Header Styles */
.custom-header {
    height: 250px;
    /* Set height to 250px */
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    /* Use primary color for background */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    /* Center content vertically */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Center content horizontally */
    color: white;
    /* Text color */
    font-size: 2rem;
    /* Font size */
    text-align: center;
    /* Center text */
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    /* Space below the header */
}

/* Services Carousel Styles */
/* .services-carousel { */
/*     position: relative; */
/*     max-width: 800px; */
/*     margin: 0 auto; */
/*     overflow: hidden; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-container { */
/*     display: flex; */
/*     transition: transform 0.5s ease; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-slide { */
/*     display: flex; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-item { */
/*     min-width: 100%; */
/*     box-sizing: border-box; */
/*     padding: 20px; */
/*     text-align: center; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-button { */
/*     position: absolute; */
/*     top: 50%; */
/*     transform: translateY(-50%); */
/*     background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8); */
/*     border: none; */
/*     cursor: pointer; */
/*     padding: 10px; */
/*     font-size: 18px; */
/*     border-radius: 50%; */
/*     box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); */
/* } */

/* .prev { */
/*     left: 10px; */
/* } */

/* .next { */
/*     right: 10px; */
/* } */

/* Header with Background Image */
.header-image {
    height: 280px;
    /* Set height to 250px */
    background-image: url('images/header-image.png');
    /* Replace with your image path */
    background-size: cover;
    /* Cover the entire header */
    background-position: center;
    /* Center the image */
    position: relative;
    /* Ensure it stays at the top */
    z-index: 1;
    /* Ensure it is above other content */
}

/* Services Carousel Styles */
/* .services-carousel { */
/*     position: relative; */
/*     max-width: 800px; */
/*     margin: 0 auto; */
/*     overflow: hidden; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-container { */
/*     display: flex; */
/*     transition: transform 0.5s ease; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-slide { */
/*     display: flex; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-item { */
/*     min-width: 100%; */
/*     box-sizing: border-box; */
/*     padding: 20px; */
/*     text-align: center; */
/* } */

/* .carousel-button { */
/*     position: absolute; */
/*     top: 50%; */
/*     transform: translateY(-50%); */
/*     background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8); */
/*     border: none; */
/*     cursor: pointer; */
/*     padding: 10px; */
/*     font-size: 18px; */
/*     border-radius: 50%; */
/*     box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); */
/* } */

/* .prev { */
/*     left: 10px; */
/* } */

/* .next { */
/*     right: 10px; */
/* } */

/* Main Header Styles */
.main-header {
    position: fixed;
    /* Make the header fixed */
    top: 0;
    /* Stick to the top */
    left: 0;
    /* Align to the left */
    right: 0;
    /* Align to the right */
    z-index: 5;
    /* Ensure it is above the header image */
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    /* Optional: Add a background color for better visibility */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Optional: Add a shadow for depth */
    height: 85px;
    /* Set the height of the menu */
}

/* Adjust the header image to account for the fixed menu */
.header-image {
    margin-top: 85px;
    /* Add margin to push it below the fixed header */
}

/* Why Global Economy Hub Section Alignment */
.why-global-economy-hub .section-title,
.why-global-economy-hub .section-subtitle {
    text-align: left;
}

.why-global-economy-hub .description {
    text-align: left;
    margin: 20px 0;
    max-width: 100%;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #333;
}

@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .footer-logo {
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        display: block;
        max-width: 295px;
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
    }
}

.hero+section,
.hero+.container,
.hero+* {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
}

.hero+section,
.hero+.welcome-section {
    padding-top: 0 !important;
}

/* Scroll Padding for fixed header */
html {
    scroll-padding-top: 100px;
}

/* Page Hero (formerly publications-hero) */
/* Page Hero (formerly publications-hero) */
.publications-hero,
.page-hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--white) 60%, var(--light-gray) 60%);
    padding: 280px 0 60px;
    /* Increased top padding to push text to bottom */
    text-align: left;
    /* Align text to left */
}

/* Ensure container content in subpage hero is left-aligned */
.publications-hero .container,
.page-hero .container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    /* Left align items */
}

/* Main Homepage Hero Styles */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    padding-top: 120px !important;
    /* Override strict resets */
    padding-bottom: 80px !important;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5f7fa 0%, #c3cfe2 100%);
    overflow: visible;
    /* Allow sphere/animations to be seen */
}

.hero-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    gap: 40px;
}

.hero-content {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 600px;
    z-index: 2;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-align: left;
}

.hero-image {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.hero-image img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    animation: float 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

/* Hero Buttons Alignment */
.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
    margin-top: 30px;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    /* Align left */
}

.hero-buttons .btn {
    flex: initial;
    min-width: 160px;
    padding: 12px 30px;
}

/* Float Animation */
@keyframes float {
    0% {
        transform: translateY(0px);
    }

    50% {
        transform: translateY(-20px);
    }

    100% {
        transform: translateY(0px);
    }
}

/* Responsive Fixes for Hero */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hero {
        padding-top: 150px !important;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .hero-container {
        flex-direction: column-reverse;
        /* Image on top on mobile? or standard column */
    }

    .hero-content {
        text-align: center;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .hero-title {
        text-align: center;
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }

    .hero-buttons {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .publications-hero .container,
    .page-hero .container {
        align-items: center;
        /* Center on mobile if preferred, or keep left */
    }

    .publications-hero,
    .page-hero {
        text-align: center;
    }
}

.publications-section {
    padding: 80px 0;
}

/* Article Cards */
.articles-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.article-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 30px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.article-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(40, 45, 125, 0.15);
}

.article-card h3 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
}

/* Books Grid */
.books-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.book-category {
    text-align: center;
}

.book-category h3 {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* Badges */
.upcoming-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 5px 15px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

/* Newsletter Box */
.newsletter-box {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-color), var(--secondary-color));
    color: white;
    padding: 60px;
    border-radius: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}